Loan Workouts, Part 3 - Call To Action

It's 7:00 AM. Someone needs a wakeup call. It is stillcommercial real estate market. Consequently, after
early, but getting late.the economy has hit bottom and begins to turn
These are tough times, no doubt about it. But just asupward, recovery is likely to take place at a slow
investors, lenders and developers deluded themselvespace over an extended period.
over the past several years into believing the goodIt is an absolute certainty that the market will
times were here to stay - so, too, are theyeventually hit bottom and turn upward. This is as sure
misreading the future now.to happen as Annie singing "the sun will come out
NEWSFLASH! This market will hit bottom. This markettomorrow". You can bet your bottom dollar that the
will turn. The credit freeze will thaw. The commercialcommercial real estate market will rise again.
real estate market will rise again.Unfortunately, it will not happen overnight. Once deal
The question is: How are we going to positionflow starts to develop, property values will begin to
ourselves for the balance of this economic cycle?rise. Perhaps counter-intuitively, this is where
Certainly, to get to the other side we have todistressed borrowers who have not negotiated a
survive the downside. But, really, we need to lookmeaningful loan workout agreement in advance will
past the ground immediately in front of us. We needget hurt.
to raise our eyes to the economic horizon to seeHere's why:
where we are headed, then plan to get to there, andAssume a project was worth $25 million before the
move beyond it.current crash, and has an outstanding mortgage of
We don't need a crystal ball to see the future. Those$20 million, but today the property would fetch only
of us who have been in this industry for thirty yearsabout $14 million. The investor started with equity of
or so have been through this before - at least a$5 million. Today, the project is upside-down by $6
couple of times. We know the cycle. We need tomillion. Some borrowers seem to believe that when
heed the lessons history should have taught us. Thisthe market turns and starts going up again, lenders
is no time to pull the covers over our collective headswill continue to grant short term extensions into the
and hide - hoping we will soon wake up from thisfuture until the project value fully recovers so the
horrible dream.borrower can regain its equity. The reality is, it is not
Right now the commercial real estate market isgoing to happen that way.
stalled. We all know that. Vacancy rates are climbing.Lenders are not going to wait around for the
Credit is tight. Loan defaults are rising. Borrowers andproperty value to rise to $25 million as it was before
lenders are stressed. There is a general uneasinessthe crash if they don't have to. They won't have to
about where we are and where we're headed. Dealunless a long term extension is negotiated now.
flow has dropped to a mere trickle.As the market picks up and property values start to
Our industry is so constricted right now, an eerieincrease, the borrower is destined to lose out. As
calm has settled upon us.soon as a third party comes along and lets the lender
Borrowers are in default, but lenders are notknow it is willing to buy the project or the loan for
aggressively seeking to take control of their collateral.anywhere near the $20 million balance of the loan,
Let's face it, in this market, what is our lender goingthe borrower has lost all of its bargaining power. The
to do with our project that is any better than whatlender will not likely grant that next 30, 60, 90 or 120
we are doing with it? Sell it? To whom? And on whatday extension. Instead, the lender will very likely
terms? Appoint a receiver to take possession anddeclare a default and force a sale for an amount
control? If professional property investors andnecessary to satisfy the loan, but no more. That is all
managers with an equity stake can't make thesethe lender cares about. The lender will get out when
projects cash flow, is it reasonable to expect that ait can. It will not take the chance that the market
foreclosing lender will fare any better?may drop again. If the borrower has failed to act to
What about their other choice, which is to enforceprotect itself while it is in a position to do so, the
personal loan guarantees? How much of the incomeborrower will have lost any opportunity to recover its
stream and net worth that gave those guaranteesinvestment. Even worse, the Borrower may have, in
value is still available?the meantime, drained other investments to keep
No. The answer right now is loan modification andinterest payments current for naught.
loan restructuring. Most banks accept that a modifiedIn order for borrowers to protect themselves they
loan yielding a lower return but receiving regularneed to get to the negotiating table now, while
payments is better than a non-performing loanlenders still have something to lose. Now is the time
receiving no payments.borrowers need to act - while lenders are stressed
BORROWERS TAKE NOTICE: As bad as this downand fearful and motivated to deal.
economy is, it presents a whole host of opportunitiesWhy are borrowers holding back?
to modify loans in a way that will make theseThere are a variety of reasons cited by borrowers
troubled projects more profitable on the other sidefor not aggressively seeking to renegotiate their
of this cycle. What is possible depends upon variablesloans right now to protect them in the future.
inherent to each loan and each project.Many are simply in denial or in a state of psychological
There are any number of potential workout solutionsparalysis from the shock caused by the swift and
to which a borrower and lender may availlargely unexpected decline of our economy in general,
themselves. No two loans and no two projects areand the commercial real estate and credit markets in
exactly the same. One solution will not fit everyparticular.
circumstance. Each solution must be tailor made toOthers are holding back through fear that if they
meet the respective, and often conflicting, needs ofstart actively discussing the topic with their lender,
the lender and borrower.their situation will come to the forefront in the
Why would a lender agree to any of this? Certainlylender's mind and the lender may commence
not because they feel compelled to help theiraggressive action to collect. This reasoning seems to
borrowers. No, there is nothing altruistic about it. Plainbe founded on the notion that maybe the reason
and simple, it's because lenders know that in thislenders are not aggressively pressing borrowers for
economic climate they are likely to end up recoveringpayment to forestall enforcement and foreclosure
more through a negotiated restructuring than theyaction is because lenders are so busy putting out
will recover if the borrower simply gives up andother fires they don't have time to focus on this one.
walks away or files bankruptcy and sells the propertyIt is highly unlikely that this is the dynamic at play. As
free and clear of all liens, claims and interests throughmentioned above, the reason lenders are not
a pre-packaged sale pursuant to Section 363 of theproceeding aggressively at this time is because the
U.S. Bankruptcy Code. Now, more than ever, lendersmarket is no better for them than it is for us. They
recognize that cooperating with borrowers todon't want to own our projects and get stuck with
restructure a distressed loan in a way that keeps thethe headache of managing projects that are not cash
borrower operating the property may be the onlyflowing and cannot be sold. They are biding their
sound and prudent choice they have to maximizetime, waiting for economic conditions to improve so
recovery.they can get out whole, or close to it.
Borrowers are missing the opportunity they nowThe other reason I hear from borrowers is that
have to negotiate with their lenders to achieve loannegotiating a successful loan workout requires
workouts that can give the borrower a realisticcompetent legal counsel skilled at workout
chance to get out of this mess. Lenders are willing tonegotiations. The borrower is already financially
deal now, to avoid major write downs and to avoiddistressed. Even the thought of incurring the
having to carry defaulted, non-performing loans.additional expense of hiring a lawyer is almost
For many borrowers, any indulgence a lender gives tounbearable.
forestall foreclosure seems a blessing. FinanciallyThe obvious defect of this reasoning is that it is
distressed borrowers are only too happy to acceptshort-sighted. If resources can be reallocated now to
these stop gap solutions to buy temporary peace.work out a long term solution, the chance of pulling
Many distressed borrowers are failing to takeout of the current financial death spiral increases
aggressive steps to benefit from opportunities thatdramatically. If borrowers continue living on borrowed
exist. The certain outcome of this inaction is thattime with only short term, stop gap solutions, it is a
borrowers are setting themselves up for future loss.virtual certainty they will ultimately lose their equity
Borrowers are simply misreading the patience manyand, perhaps, remain liable to pay additional funds
lenders are currently showing.under their personal guaranty.
It is true that many lenders are being cooperative byTo say the least, this is being penny wise and pound
extending loan maturity dates and lengthening defaultfoolish.
cure periods. Borrowers appear to believe theseI know. This may sound like a tremendously
lenders have found a heart. Borrowers are thankfulself-serving statement coming from an attorney who
for the 30, 60, 90 or 120 day extensions they arerepresents borrowers in loan workouts. A point well
receiving. To obtain these brief extensions, sometaken. But consider this: I am not saying you must
borrowers are draining cash flow or equity fromhire my law firm. While I genuinely believe my firm
other projects or investments to keep interestoffers a unique value proposition that may serve you
payments current, which is often the onlywell, hiring my law firm is not the point. Really, you
requirement their lender is insisting upon during thesejust need to hire someone - anyone - who fully
troubled times as a condition to granting loanunderstands the issues, understands the possible
extensions. To hear many borrowers talk, they areworkout scenarios and who has experience resolving
convinced their lender will continue to work withconflicts with lenders. If you have worked with other
them until the market turns and recovers, when thecounsel who can do this, then hire them if it makes
borrower and lender can both return to Xanadu andyou feel more comfortable. Just get started. The
live happily ever after.longer you wait, the worse it will get.
Ring! Ring! Ring! This is a wake up call. It is NOT goingIn all events, we wish you the best of luck. Like it or
to happen that way. Unless we act now we will losenot, we are all in this together until our industry
this opportunity to save our property and salvagerecovers.
our investment.Over the coming months, exercise caution, be safe,
Here's how I see it:and do what you can to position yourself to prosper
There is not going to be any single event that willwhen the market rebounds. Keep the faith - it will
cause a reverse Lehman effect, resulting in a suddenrebound. We want to see you on the other side. Until
loosening of credit and prompt rebound of thethen . . .